شورش‌های نان
در عصر قاجار

Stephanie Cronin (2018) Bread and justice in Qajar Iran: the moral
economy, the free market and the hungry poor, Middle Eastern Studies, 54:6, 843-877.

۲-E. P. Thompson, “The Moral Economy of the English Crowd in the Eighteenth Century’, Past and Present Vol.50, No.1 (1971), pp.76–136; see also Customs in Common: Studies in Traditional Popular Culture (London: Merlin Press, 1991); The Making of the English Working Class (London: Penguin, 1968). For a later reassessment, see Adrian Randall and Andrew Charlesworth (eds.), Moral Economy and Popular Protest: Crowds, Conflict, and Authority (New York: St Martin’s Press, 1999).

۳- E. P. Thompson, “The Moral Economy of the English Crowd in the Eighteenth Century’, Past and Present Vol.50, No.1 (1971), pp.76–136; see also Customs in Common: Studies in Traditional Popular Culture (London: Merlin Press, 1991); The Making of the English Working Class (London: Penguin, 1968). For a later reassessment, see Adrian Randall and Andrew Charlesworth (eds.), Moral Economy and Popular Protest: Crowds, Conflict, and Authority (New York: St Martin’s Press, 1999).

Ervand Abrahamian, “The Crowd in Iranian Politics, 1905–1953”, Past and Present Vol.41 (1968), pp.184–210; “The Crowd in the Persian Revolution”, Iranian Studies Vol.2, No.4 (1969), pp.128–50.

‘Popular Protest, Disorder and Riot in Iran: The Tehran Crowd and the Rise of Riza Khan 1921–1925’, International Review of Social History Vol.50, Part two (2005), pp.167–201.

Vanessa Martin , The Qajar Pact: Bargaining, Protest and the State in 19th-Century Persia (London: I. B. Tauris, 2005).
کرونین بار دیگر در مقاله زیر بار دیگر به سیاست توده پرداخته است:
‘Popular Politics, the New State and the Birth of the Iranian Working Class: the 1929 Abadan Oil Refinery Strike’, Middle Eastern Studies Vol.46, No.5 (2010), pp.699–732.
آبراهامیان نیز با مقاله زیرمطالعه توده را پی گرفت:
‘The Crowd in the Iranian Revolution’, Radical History Review No.105 (2009), pp.13–38.

-- James P. Grehan, Everyday Life and Consumer Culture in Eighteenth Century Damascus (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2011); -- “Street Violence and Social Imagination in Late Mamluk and Ottoman Damascus’, International Journal of Middle East Studies Vol.35 (2007), pp.215–36; Boaz Shoshan, ‘Grain Riots and the “Moral Economy”: Cairo, 1350–1517’, The Journal of Interdisciplinary History Vol.10, No.3(1980), pp.459–78; Amina Elbendary, Crowds and Sultans: Urban Protest in Late Medieval Egypt and Syria (Cairo: The America University in Cairo Press, 2017); Till Grallert, ‘Urban Food Riots in late Ottoman Bilad al-Sham as a “Repertoire of Contention”’; Stephanie Cronin (ed.), Crime, Poverty and Survival in the Middle East and North Africa: The ‘Dangerous Classes’ since 1800 (London: I. B. Tauris, forthcoming).

Stephanie Cronin, Soldiers, Shahs and Subalterns in Iran: Opposition, Protest and Revolt, 1921–1941 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), pp.284–5.

--Vanessa Martin, The Qajar Pact, pp.100–1 and Cronin, ‘Popular Protest, Disorder and Riot’, pp.193–6.
شورش نان در اوائل دوره پهلوی و جنگ جهانی دوم در کتاب‌های زیر مطالعه شده است:
- Stephanie Cronin, ‘Popular Protest, Disorder and Riot in Iran’; and Stephen L. McFarland, ‘Anatomy of an Iranian Political Crowd: The Tehran Bread Riot of December 1942’, International Journal of Middle East Studies Vol.17, No.1 (1985), pp.51–65. Willem Floor, History of Bread in Iran (Washington D.C.: Mage Publishers,
2015).

- Ranin Kazemi’s unpublished PhD dissertation, ‘Neither Indians nor Egyptians: Social Protest and Islamic Populism in the Making of the Tobacco Movement in Iran, 1850–1891’ (PhD thesis, Yale University, 2012, 3535324), has a chapter which looks at food protests in Tabriz, 1856–1857, and Tehran, 1860–1861.

‘Of Diet and Profit: On the Question of Subsistence Crises in Nineteenth Century Iran’, Middle Eastern Studies Vol.52, No.2 (2016), pp.335–58; ‘The Black Winter of 1860–61: War, Famine, and the Political Ecology of Disasters in Qajar Iran’, Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East Vol.37, No.1 (May 2017), pp.24–48.

Abbas Amanat, Pivot of the Universe: Nasir al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian monarchy, 1831–1896 (London: I. B. Tauris, 1997), pp.378–82.

Heidi Walcher, In the Shadow of the King: Zill al-Sultan and Isfahan under the Qajars (London: I. B. Tauris, 2008);

Vanessa Martin, Iran between Islamic Nationalism and Secularism: The Constitutional Revolution of 1906 (London: I. B. Tauris, 2013).

Negin Nabavi, Modern Iran: A History in Documents (Princeton: Markus Wiener Publishers, 2017), pp.7–9.

History of Persia under Qajar Rule (NY: Columbia University Press, 1972), pp.356–8.

Mohammad Gholi Majd, The Great Famine and Genocide in Persia, 1917–1919 (Lanham: University Press of America, 2003); Iran under Allied Occupation in World War 11: The Bridge to Victory and a Land of Famine (Lanham: University Press of America, 2016); A Victorian Holocaust: Iran in the Great Famine of 1869–1873 (Lanham: Hamilton Books, 2017).

Shoko Okazaki, ‘The Great Persian Famine of 1870–71’, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies Vol.49, No.1 (1986), pp.183–92

Charles Melville, ‘The Persian Famine of 1870–1872: Prices and Politics’, Disasters Vol.1 (1988), pp.309–25; Xavier de Planhol, ‘Famines in Persia’, Encyclopaedia Iranica Vol.ix, fasc. 2 (1999), pp.203–6; Ahmed Seyf, ‘Iran and the Great Famine, 1970–1872’, Middle Eastern Studies Vol.46, No.2 (2010), pp.289–306; Abbas Amanat, ‘Of Famine and Cannibalism in Qom’, Iranian Studies Vol.47, No.6 (2014), pp.1011–22.

Mike Davis, Late Victorian Holocausts: El Nin~o Famines and the Making of the Third World (London: Verso, 2001) and David Arnold, Famine (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd, 1988).

Hooshang Amirahmadi, The Political Economy of Iran under the Qajars) I. B. Tauris, London and New York: I. B. Tauris, 2012(.
P. W. Avery and J.B. Simmons, ‘Persia on a Cross of Silver, 1880-1890’, Middle Eastern Studies Vol.10, No.3 (1974), pp. 259–86, p 281.

Kazemi, Of Diet and Profit, p. 352
۸- For the ‘politics of negotiation’, see Martin, The Qajar Pact
۹-Thompson, ‘The Moral Economy of the English Crowd’.